Philip James
"Jim" Elliot (October 8, 1927 – January 8, 1956) was an
evangelical Christian who was one of five missionaries killed while
participating in Operation Auca, an attempt to evangelize the Huaorani people
of Ecuador.
Elliot was born in Portland, Oregon, to Fred and Clara
Elliot. Fred was of Scottish heritage; his grandparents were the first of his
family to settle in North America. Clara's parents moved near the turn of the
20th century from Switzerland to eastern Washington, where they operated a
large ranch.
They met in Portland, where Clara was studying to be a
chiropractor and Fred, having devoted himself to Christian ministry, was
working as a traveling preacher with the Plymouth Brethren church. Robert,
their first child, was born in 1921 while they were living in Seattle, and he
was followed by Herbert, Jim, and Jane, all three of whom were born after the
family moved to Portland. Elliot's parents had firm Christian beliefs, and they
raised their children accordingly, taking them to church and reading the Bible
regularly. Elliot professed faith in Jesus at the age of six and grew up in a
home where obedience and honesty were enforced. The Elliot parents encouraged
their children to be adventurous, and encouraged them to "live for
Christ".
In 1941, Elliot entered Benson Polytechnic High School,
studying architectural drawing. There he participated in numerous activities,
including the school newspaper, the wrestling team, school plays, and the
public-speaking club. His acting ability led some of the teachers in the school
to suggest that he pursue acting as a career, and his oratorical skills were
similarly lauded—after preparing and delivering a speech in honor of President
Franklin D. Roosevelt hours after his death, a faculty member praised it.
Elliot used his speaking ability regularly. A classmate
recounts how Elliot quoted the Bible to the president of the student body as an
explanation for his refusal to attend a school party. Another time, Elliot
risked expulsion from the public-speaking club by refusing to give a political
speech, believing that Christians were not to involve themselves in politics. A
pacifist, he rejected the idea of using force to eliminate slavery in Africa,
and he was prepared to stand as a conscientious objector had he been drafted to
serve in World War II.
In 1945, Jim Elliot entered Wheaton College, a private
Christian college in Illinois. Believing in the value of physical conditioning
and discipline, he joined the wrestling team during his first year. The
following year, he refused a staff position within the college that would have
given him a free year of tuition but also a significant time commitment and
what he considered foolish responsibilities. He was not even fully convinced of
the value of his studies, considering subjects such as philosophy, politics and
anthropology to be distractions to one attempting to follow God. After a
semester of relatively low grades, he wrote to his parents that he was
unapologetic, deeming study of the Bible more important.
Elliot's interest in missions solidified during his years at
Wheaten. He soon followed the pattern of other "faith missions" by
not seeking to be sponsored by a denomination. A member of the campus
organization Student Foreign Missions Fellowship with his roommate David
Howard, Elliot spoke to an Intervarsity Christian Fellowship group on the role
of the Holy Spirit in missions. During summer 1947, after his second year of
college, he and his friend Ron Harris did missions work in Mexico. He stayed
there for six weeks, working with and learning from a local missionary family.
At the end of the following year, he attended the International Student
Missionary Convention, sponsored by Intervarsity. There he met a missionary to
Brazil, and this encounter led him to more firmly believe that his missionary
calling was to tribal work in South America.
At the beginning of Elliot's third year at Wheaten, he
decided to pursue a major in Greek, believing that it would both help him in
his personal study of the Bible and make it easier to translate the Scriptures
into the language of a people unbleached by missionaries. Although he believed
that romantic relationships often distracted people from pursuing God's will,
Elliot became interested in one of his classmates, Elisabeth Howard, who was
also his roommate's sister. He took advantage of opportunities to get to know
her and her family better. They agreed that they were attracted to each other,
but not being convinced of God's leading, they did not immediately pursue a
relationship.
While at Camp Wycliffe, Elliot practiced the skills
necessary for writing down a language for the first time by working with a
former missionary to the Quechua people. The missionary told him of the
Huaorani – also called the "Auca", the Quichua word for "savage"
– a group of Ecuadorian indigenous people considered violent and dangerous to
outsiders. Elliot remained unsure about whether to go to Ecuador or India until
July. His parents and friends wondered if he might instead be more effective in
youth ministry in the United States, but considering the home church
"well-fed", he felt that international missions should take
precedence.
After the completion of his linguistic studies, Elliot
applied for a passport and began to make plans with his friend Bill Cathers to
leave for Ecuador. However, two months later Cathers informed him that he
planned to marry, making it impossible for him to accompany Elliot as they had
planned. Instead, Elliot spent the winter and spring of 1951 working with his
friend Ed McCully in Chester, Illinois, running a radio program, preaching in
prisons, holding evangelistic rallies, and teaching Sunday school.
McCully married later that summer, forcing Elliot to look
elsewhere for an unmarried man with whom he could begin working in Ecuador.
That man turned out to be Pete Fleming, a graduate of the University of
Washington with a degree in philosophy. He corresponded frequently with Elliot,
and by September he was convinced of his calling to Ecuador. In the meantime,
Elliot visited friends on the east coast, including Elisabeth. In his journal
he expressed hope that they would be able to be married, but at the same time
felt that he was called to go to Ecuador without her. Elliot returned to
Portland in November and began to prepare to leave the country.
Life magazine published a ten-page article on Elliot's and
his friends' mission and deaths. After her husband's death, Elisabeth Elliot
and other missionaries began working among the Huaorani, where they continued
evangelistic work. She later published two books, Shadow of the Almighty: The
Life and Testament of Jim Elliot and Through Gates of Splendor, which describe
the life and death of her husband. In 1991, the Jim Elliot Christian School was
created in Denver, Colorado. In 1997, the Jim Elliot Christian High School was founded
in Lodi, California.
In 2002, a documentary based on the story was released,
entitled Beyond the Gates of Splendor. In 2003, a musical based on the story of
Jim and Elisabeth Elliot, entitled Love Above All, was staged at the Victoria
Concert Hall in Singapore by Mount Carmel Bible-Presbyterian Church. This
musical was staged a second time in 2007 at the NUS University Cultural Center.
In 2006, a theatrical movie was released, entitled End of the Spear, based on
the story of the pilot, Nate Saint, and the return trip of Saint's son
attempting to reach the natives of Ecuador.
0 comments:
Post a Comment